Bottle Manikin Absorption (BOMAB) Phantoms
The bottle manikin absorption (BOMAB) phantom consists of 10 high-density polyethylene containers that assemble to represent the ICRP 23 Reference Man human body. It has been used as a standard calibration geometry for over 25 years. The 0.2 to 0.5-mm-thick containers contain a semi-solid polyurethane tissue-substitute with radiation attenuation characteristics matching ICRU 44 average soft tissue. The solid tissue substitute has proven tissue-equivalence and none of the limitations found with water-filled BOMAB phantoms, such as radionuclide plate-out, the potential for leakage, biological growths, and shipment difficulties. The BOMAB polyethylene shells do not have the large variation in wall thickness that is found with Roto-molded bottle phantoms.
The BOMAB phantom is used primarily as a calibration standard for Reference Man measurements of homogeneously distributed radioactive materials that emit mid- and high-energy photons. Smaller sizes representing the Reference Female (ICRP 23) and a 4-yr old child are also available.
The tissue substitute used in the BOMAB phantom is a polyurethane-based filler. It has excellent handling characteristics and durability. The plastic matrix contains National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Materials (SRM) or NIST-traceable radioactive materials uniformly distributed throughout the polyurethane. Chemical additives are incorporated to provide the a 40K background in most of the phantoms and to duplicate the transmission characteristics of soft tissues. Specific material constituents and chemical compositions are provided for each phantom.
| Container | Quantity | Cross section Shape | Cross section Dimensions (cm) |
Height (cm) |
Volume (ml) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Head | 1 | ellipsoid | 19x14 | 20 | 3525 |
| 2. Neck | 1 | circular | 13 dia | 10 | 1030 |
| 3. Chest | 1 | ellipsoid | 30x20 | 40 | 16970 |
| 4. Pelvis | 1 | ellipsoid | 36x20 | 20 | 9990 |
| 5. Arms | 2 | circular | 10 dia | 60 | 3800 (2) |
| 6. Thighs | 2 | circular | 15 dia | 40 | 6050 (2) |
| 7. Calves | 2 | circular | 12 dia | 40 | 3745 (2) |
| Total | 10 | 170 | 58,705 |
| Phantom ID# | Radionuclide | Calibration Date | Activity (nCi) ± Uncertainty |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RESL-101 | 152Eu 40K |
12/1/2008 12/1/2008 |
(207 (145 | ± ± |
4)E2 3)E2 |